Zero to Hero
Ultimate Chinese Grammar Cheatsheet
Here is a list of all grammar notes from HSK 1 to 6 included in the HSK Standard Course textbooks , as covered by our video courses , plus a few we added based on the official HSK grammar list from CLT Guides .
Download the list as a CSV , Apple Numbers file (recommended), or Microsoft Excel file 🤦♂️.
| Lesson | Structure | English | Example | Example Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.03.1 | what | What is this? | ||
| 1.03.1 | what kind of N | What book is that? | ||
| 1.03.2 | not to be | I am not an American. | ||
| 1.03.2 | to be | She is a teacher. | ||
| 1.03.3 | right? | You’re a teacher, right? | ||
| 1.04.1 | who | Who is she? | ||
| 1.04.1 | which N | Which person? | ||
| 1.04.2 | ’s | She is my teacher. | ||
| 1.04.3 | what about N? | I am Chinese, what about you? | ||
| 1.05.1 | how many N | How many teachers do you have? | ||
| 1.05.2 | 1 ~ 99 | 1 - 99 | ||
| 1.05.3 | became AGE | I’m 40 years old. | ||
| 1.05.4 | how old | How old is your daughter? | ||
| 1.06.1 | know how to V | I know how to write. | ||
| 1.06.2 | very | I am good. | ||
| 1.06.3 | how to V | How do you read this? | ||
| 1.07.1 | (telling dates) | Thursday September 2 | ||
| 1.07.2 | (omitting 是) | My Chinese teacher is 33. | ||
| 1.07.3 | go to PLACE to do V | I go to school to study. | ||
| 1.08.1 | to want | I want to read books. | ||
| 1.08.2 | how much N | How many Chinese teachers do you have? | ||
| 1.08.3 | (measure word) | 5 students | ||
| 1.08.3 | (measure word) | There are 5 people in our family. | ||
| 1.08.4 | (currency) | one yuan | ||
| 1.09.1 | at | He’s under the chair. | ||
| 1.09.2 | where | Where is my cup? | ||
| 1.09.3 | V at PLACE | I am having tea at my friend’s home. | ||
| 1.09.4 | I wonder | Where is he, I wonder? | ||
| 1.09.4 | where is N | Where is my cup? | ||
| 1.10.1 | there is N at PLACE | There is a dog under the chair. | ||
| 1.10.1 | there isn’t N at PLACE | There isn’t anyone here. | ||
| 1.10.2 | and | dad, mom and I | ||
| 1.10.3 | can | Can I sit here? | ||
| 1.10.4 | please V | Please sit. | ||
| 1.11.1 | # hour # minute | 11:10 | ||
| 1.11.1 | AM/PM | 3:10 PM | ||
| 1.11.2 | (time phrase) | Mom cooks at six. | ||
| 1.11.2 | (time phrase) | I eat at seven. | ||
| 1.11.3 | before TIME | before Friday | ||
| 1.11.3 | DURATION ago | a week ago | ||
| 1.12.1 | how is N? | How is your Chinese? | ||
| 1.12.2 | (omission of 的) | My health isn’t very good. | ||
| 1.12.3 | too A | The weather’s too cold. | ||
| 1.12.3 | not too A | My health is not too good. | ||
| 1.12.4 | will V | Will you come home? | ||
| 1.13.1 | hello | Hello, is Teacher Li home? | ||
| 1.13.2 | V-ing | I’m sleeping. | ||
| 1.13.2 | not V-ing | They’re not watching TV. | ||
| 1.13.3 | (1 in telephony) | 1 reads as yāo. | ||
| 1.13.4 | feel free to V | Nobody’s here, (feel free to) sit. | ||
| 1.14.1 | have V’ed O | He went to learn how to drive. | ||
| 1.14.1 | have V’ed O | I bought a lot of clothes. | ||
| 1.14.1 | have not V’ed O | She didn’t go to the store. | ||
| 1.14.2 | after TIME | after 5 | ||
| 1.14.2 | after DURATION | after 40 minutes | ||
| 1.14.3 | (exclamation) | Sure! Yeah! | ||
| 1.14.4 | both Ns | We both are Chinese. | ||
| 1.15.1 | it is MANNER that S V | We drove here. (Lit. It is [by] driving that we came here.) | ||
| 1.15.2 | year | Year 2017 | ||
| 2.01.1 | want to, will | Wang Fang wants to / will learn English. | ||
| 2.01.2 | the most | Its eyes are the prettiest. | ||
| 2.01.3 | several | several books | ||
| 2.01.3 | (any # from 11 to 19) | a dozen or more books | ||
| 2.01.3 | tens of | tens of people | ||
| 2.01.3 | over # | twenty something books | ||
| 2.01.3 | over # of months/weeks | over two months, over three weeks | ||
| 2.02.1 | (questions) | I’m going to the shop, are you going? | ||
| 2.02.1 | Is it true that…? | Is it true that you like to exercise? | ||
| 2.02.2 | every N V | Do you work every Saturday (without exception)? | ||
| 2.02.3 | how A | How tall is he? | ||
| 2.03.1 | (omitting nouns after 的) | This cup is the one (cup) that was bought yesterday. | ||
| 2.03.2 | once (quickly/easily) | Go and deliver the newspaper to your teacher. | ||
| 2.03.3 | very, truly | The milk is so tasty! | ||
| 2.04.1 | it’s S who V’ed O | (It’s) I (who) bought the book. | ||
| 2.04.2 | the time when … | I’ve come to Beijing when I was 18. | ||
| 2.04.3 | already V/A | I already worked for over two years. | ||
| 2.05.1 | just V then | If you don't want to go, just rest at home then. | ||
| 2.05.2 | somewhat A | Yesterday’s test was so-so (lit. somewhat OK). | ||
| 2.05.3 | a bit A | It's a bit cold today. | ||
| 2.06.1 | how come | How come you’re unhappy? | ||
| 2.06.2 | every N | Every student is very happy. | ||
| 2.06.3 | because… so… | Because it’s not tasty, so I won’t eat it. | ||
| 2.07.1 | still V-ing | It’s 8, he’s still sleeping. | ||
| 2.07.1 | still haven’t V’ed | How come you still haven’t eaten? | ||
| 2.07.2 | V as early as TIME | The students got to the classroom as early as 7:30. | ||
| 2.07.3 | N1 is DISTANCE away from N2 | The school is over 20 km away from the airport. | ||
| 2.07.4 | (adding emphasis) | He is still studying! | ||
| 2.08.1 | …okay? | Call me tomorrow afternoon, okay? | ||
| 2.08.2 | again | Take another look at this book. | ||
| 2.08.2 | then | Let me think about it, then I’ll let you know. | ||
| 2.08.2 | V only until TIME | I’ll go (only until) tomorrow. | ||
| 2.08.3 | invite/let/ask O to V | I’m inviting you to have a meal. | ||
| 2.08.4 | V for a bit | Take a look at these clothes. | ||
| 2.08.4 | V for a bit | Take a look at these clothes. | ||
| 2.09.1 | (result complements) | I saw your girlfriend. | ||
| 2.09.1 | (result complements) | I didn’t see your girlfriend. | ||
| 2.09.2 | from N1 to N2 | From old to young, all like to eat apples. | ||
| 2.09.3 | #-th N | We haven't done the fourth thing yet. | ||
| 2.10.1 | don’t do V | Don’t play with your phone! | ||
| 2.10.1 | stop doing V | Stop playing with your phone! | ||
| 2.10.2 | Is A for N | Learning Chinese is helpful for working in China. | ||
| 2.11.1 | the N which S V’ed | The food that mom makes is very delicious. | ||
| 2.11.2 | N2 is more A than N1 | My (older) brother is taller than my (older) sister. | ||
| 2.11.2 | N2 is not as A than N1 | My (older) brother is not as tall as my (older) sister. | ||
| 2.11.3 | probably | Maybe she cannot sing. | ||
| 2.12.1 | (using adverbs) | I run very quickly. | ||
| 2.12.1 | (using adverbs) | My (older) sister sings brilliantly. | ||
| 2.12.2 | V (O) more A than N | He learns (Chinese) more quickly than I do. | ||
| 2.12.2 | V (O) more A than N | He learns (Chinese) more quickly than I do. | ||
| 2.13.1 | V-ing O | They are wearing suites. | ||
| 2.13.1 | not V-ing O | He’s not holding a pencil. | ||
| 2.13.2 | is N not… | Aren’t you a Beijinger? | ||
| 2.13.3 | V toward DIRECTION | Walk straight toward the east from here. | ||
| 2.14.1 | V’ed before | I've been to China. | ||
| 2.14.1 | haven’t V’ed | They have never been to my place. | ||
| 2.14.2 | although… | Even though it's sunny, it's still cold. | ||
| 2.14.3 | V’ed O # times | They have taken a plane three times. | ||
| 2.14.3 | V’ed to PLACE # times | We have been to China three times. | ||
| 2.15.1 | about to V in TIME | We are about to have an exam in just a week. | ||
| 2.15.2 | It’s already TIME, is already A, has already V’ed | It’s already 8, get up quick! | ||
| 3.01.1 | done V-ing | The food is not cooked yet, please wait awhile. | ||
| 3.01.2 | not V even one N | I’m not eating any apples. (Lit. I don’t eat even one apple.) | ||
| 3.01.3 | so then | [If] you don’t go, then I won’t go either. | ||
| 3.01.3 | but still | A: I’ve done my reviewed a long time ago already. B: But still [you] shouldn’t be playing all the time. | ||
| 3.02.1 | V2 as soon as V1 | We’ll eat when dad comes back. | ||
| 3.02.2 | (complements of direction) | We are upstairs waiting, please come up. | ||
| 3.02.2 | (complements of direction) | [My] friend went back home. | ||
| 3.02.2 | (complements of direction) | You need to bring [your] homework tomorrow. | ||
| 3.02.2 | (complements of direction) | Bring [your] homework tomorrow. | ||
| 3.02.3 | how can you…? | You don't do [your] homework, don't practice, how can you [possibly] learn Chinese well? | ||
| 3.03.1 | N1 or N2 ? | Do you want coffee or tea? | ||
| 3.03.1 | either N1 or N21 | When the weather is cold or when you’re tired from work, it is very comfortable to drink a cup of hot tea. | ||
| 3.03.1 | N1 or N2 (in question-like clauses) | I haven't decided whether to go hiking or to go to the movies. | ||
| 3.03.2 | There is N V’ed in PLACE. | There is a cup of coffee placed on the table. | ||
| 3.03.2 | There is not N V’ed in PLACE. | There was no coffee placed on the table. | ||
| 3.03.3 | will V, will be A | You wear so little, you will catch a cold. | ||
| 3.04.1 | not only… but also… | This watermelon is big and sweet. | ||
| 3.04.2 | V1-ing while V2-ing | The younger brother is doing homework while eating [an] apple. | ||
| 3.05.1 | become A | I took flu medicine yesterday, and I’m better now. | ||
| 3.05.1 | (didn’t V but) now V | Now I can wear a beautiful dress. | ||
| 3.05.2 | more and more A | You’re more and more handsome these days. | ||
| 3.06.1 | can V to RESULT | I can see the Chinese character clearly. | ||
| 3.06.1 | can V to DIRECTION | The building is so high, are you able to come up? | ||
| 3.06.1 | cannot V to RESULT | I can't seek out a good restaurant. | ||
| 3.06.1 | cannot V to DIRECTION | The building is too high, I can't go up. | ||
| 3.06.2 | where is N? | Where is your book? | ||
| 3.06.3 | just V | The son just finished his homework. | ||
| 3.06.3 | moments ago | My son is doing homework moments ago. | ||
| 3.07.1 | V’ed O for DURATION | We took a bus for an hour. | ||
| 3.07.1 | have been V-ing O for DURATION | I have studied Chinese for a year. | ||
| 3.07.2 | interested in N | They are interested in Chinese movies. | ||
| 3.07.2 | not interested in N | They are not interested in Chinese movies. | ||
| 3.07.3 | half hour | It’s half past seven. | ||
| 3.07.3 | quarter hour (when telling time) | Now it’s quarter past seven. | ||
| 3.07.3 | quarter hour (duration) | You are late for 15 minutes. | ||
| 3.07.3 | to (when telling time) | It’s already a quarter to eight! | ||
| 3.08.1 | again (later) | I will go see it again tomorrow. | ||
| 3.08.1 | (did) again | Why are you late again today? | ||
| 3.08.2 | (S acts in a way so that the answer to Q1 is the same as the answer to Q2.) | I drink whatever I want to drink. | ||
| 3.08.2 | (S2 acts in a way that the answer to Q is true for both S1 and S2.) | I drink whatever you drink. | ||
| 3.09.1 | the more V1/A1 the more V2/A2 | The more we chat, the more joyous we are. | ||
| 3.09.2 | N1 is like N2 | Your eyes are like pandas’ [eyes]. | ||
| 3.09.2 | N1 is as A as N2 | The son is as tall as his father. | ||
| 3.10.1 | not as A as N | My Chinese is not as good as his. | ||
| 3.10.1 | A little more A | Dashan is a little shorter than David. | ||
| 3.10.1 | much more A | Today's homework is much more than yesterday’s. | ||
| 3.10.2 | # or #+1 | I study Chinese for one or two hours a day. | ||
| 3.11.1 | V’ed the O | I forgot my/the wallet. | ||
| 3.11.1 | don’t/don’t/haven’t V’ed the O | Don't forget your/the phone. | ||
| 3.11.2 | approximately # | I usually get up at around 10 o'clock on weekends. | ||
| 3.12.1 | just (better than expected) | It takes only an hour to get there by plane. | ||
| 3.12.1 | just (worse than expected) | How come you only came just now? (Why are you so late?) | ||
| 3.12.2 | V’d the O to PLACE | I put the photo in your bag. | ||
| 3.13.1 | (compound complements of direction) | Let's send the gift over together tomorrow. | ||
| 3.13.2 | V1 while V2 | He sang while he danced. | ||
| 3.14.1 | V the O until RESULT | I washed my clothes clean. | ||
| 3.14.1 | V the O to DIRECTION | He took the fruit over. | ||
| 3.14.2 | First, then, then, … | I first took the bus, then took the subway, and then went to Xiaogang's house. | ||
| 3.15.1 | except N | Except for this Chinese character, I know everything else. | ||
| 3.15.1 | not only…, but also… | In addition to watching the news, you can listen to music too. | ||
| 3.15.2 | any | Do you have any plans for the weekend? | ||
| 3.15.3 | extremely A | The weather is extremely cold today. | ||
| 3.16.1 | if …, then… | If you are too tired, take a break. | ||
| 3.16.2 | so A that + CLAUSE | The son was so tired that he went to sleep as soon as he got off work. | ||
| 3.16.3 | A (with characteristics) | Her nose is teeny tiny and her hair is black. | ||
| 3.17.1 | V for a bit | Let me take you to the hospital for to check up a bit. | ||
| 3.17.2 | Q-ever | Xiao Gang likes to eat anything (lit. whatever). | ||
| 3.18.1 | as long as | As long as I have time, I will definitely travel with you. | ||
| 3.18.2 | about | We have not decided on this matter yet. | ||
| 3.19.1 | V and produce an outcome | Can you write (out) this word? | ||
| 3.19.1 | V and recognize | After listening, did you recognize [it]? Whose voice is this? | ||
| 3.19.1 | V down | I really hope that time can slow down. | ||
| 3.19.1 | to recall | I can't think of (lit. think up) his name. | ||
| 3.19.1 | to seem | He looks like he is in his 40s. | ||
| 3.19.2 | make O A/V | Reading makes me happy. | ||
| 3.20.1 | O is V’ed by S | My camera was taken by who? | ||
| 3.20.1 | O is not V’ed by S | The problem has not been solved yet. | ||
| 3.20.2 | only if | You can watch TV only if you finish your homework. | ||
| 4.01.1 | Not only… but also… | I have not only seen Titanic, but also Notting Hill. | ||
| 4.01.1 | Not only S1…, S2 also… | Not only did Mark see Notting Hill, I also saw Notting Hill. | ||
| 4.01.2 | never V | I never sleep at noon. | ||
| 4.01.2 | never have V’ed, never have been A | His father and mother have never been so happy. | ||
| 4.01.3 | just V’ed | I just got married last month. | ||
| 4.01.3 | have V’ed for just DURATION | He’s been [lit. come] here for just a month. | ||
| 4.01.3 | moments ago | I just received an email. | ||
| 4.01.4 | even if…, still… | Even if it’s very cold in winter, he still goes to the playground to job every day. | ||
| 4.01.5 | with regard to N | In terms of hobbies, I am more like my mother. | ||
| 4.02.1 | just right | The clothes are just the right size. | ||
| 4.02.1 | V’ed at just the right time | You came at just the right time. | ||
| 4.02.2 | N & N are about the same | The color of this car is similar to the color of that car. | ||
| 4.02.2 | about # | This computer is about 5,000 yuan. | ||
| 4.02.2 | about A | My daughter is about as tall as me. | ||
| 4.02.2 | about V’ed | Work is about finished. | ||
| 4.02.2 | almost # | This computer is almost 5,000 yuan. | ||
| 4.02.2 | almost | The loss and the gain are almost the same. | ||
| 4.02.2 | almost | I almost forgot to tell you about this. | ||
| 4.02.3 | although | Although it is very cold today, he wears very little clothes. | ||
| 4.02.4 | (although)… but | (Although) they are busy at work, but they insist on exercising every day. | ||
| 4.02.5 | and/but | Listening and speaking abilities are very important, and (on the other hand) the ability to write Chinese characters is also important. | ||
| 4.03.1 | quite A | I quite like this place. | ||
| 4.03.2 | originally V/A | She originally wanted to learn the news, but now she is studying law. | ||
| 4.03.2 | V/A in the first place | Students should not be late for class in the first place. | ||
| 4.03.3 | another # N | He took out another book. | ||
| 4.03.3 | other N | Don't read this book, please read other books. | ||
| 4.03.3 | V another | He gave me another 30 yuan. | ||
| 4.03.3 | In addition, … | Eat more fruits. Also, remember to drink more water. | ||
| 4.03.4 | First… second… | At the job interview, first [you] should wear formal clothing, and second don't be nervous. | ||
| 4.03.5 | no matter | I like to watch all kinds of movies. (Lit. No matter what movie, I like to watch them all.) | ||
| 4.04.1 | to believe falsely | I thought the thing was for me, but actually it was for my father. | ||
| 4.04.2 | originally | It originally required 12 hours. | ||
| 4.04.2 | it turns out | I was wondering who was cleaning the room for me. It turns out it’s you! | ||
| 4.04.2 | (see 4.03.2) | - | ||
| 4.04.3 | (emphasize the negative) | Everyone said that it was cold outside, but I (rather) didn’t feel cold. | ||
| 4.04.4 | according to N | We are still proceeding according to the original plan. | ||
| 4.04.5 | even V/A | He worked hard and even forgot to eat. | ||
| 4.05.1 | certainly V/A | Exercise is definitely good for your health. | ||
| 4.05.1 | certain | I can be sure that Zhang Yuan will definitely come. | ||
| 4.05.1 | affirmative, positive | His answer is yes (in the affirmative). | ||
| 4.05.2 | talk about it / deal with it until a later time | I’m busy studying now, let’s talk about it / deal with it (until) after the exam. | ||
| 4.05.2 | besides | After graduation, everyone was very busy. Besides, many students are not in a city. | ||
| 4.05.3 | real | The actual thing is different from the one on the advertisement. | ||
| 4.05.3 | reality | Advertising is not the same as the actual [thing]. | ||
| 4.05.3 | in reality | The advertisement is well said, but it is not necessarily good in reality. | ||
| 4.05.4 | for, as for | For me, learning opportunities are more important. | ||
| 4.05.5 | very much, extremely | Your daughter looks especially like you. | ||
| 4.05.5 | especially, particularly | Your daughter looks like you, especially her eyes. | ||
| 4.05.5 | special | I have a special request. | ||
| 4.06.1 | (expressing surprise) | This song is particularly nice, it has been very popular recently, you’re telling me you’ve never heard of it? | ||
| 4.06.2 | # times | 2, multiplied 5 times, is 10. | ||
| 4.06.3 | is worth | Look at this, both in terms of price and quality, it is worth considering. | ||
| 4.06.3 | is worth it | Don't always be angry with a little thing, it’s not worth it. | ||
| 4.06.3 | is worth $ | This watch is worth fifty yuan. | ||
| 4.06.4 | among them | Not only do we have to read books, but we also need to know how to choose the good ones among them to read. | ||
| 4.06.5 | under SITUATION | In general (lit. under general circumstances), the more money you spend, the better the goods you buy. | ||
| 4.07.1 | perhaps CLAUSE | Have you asked Xiao Wang? Perhaps he should have a solution. | ||
| 4.07.1 | perhaps V | I am not used to the climate in the north. Perhaps it’s because the weather is too dry. | ||
| 4.07.1 | probable | He did not come to class for so many days. The most probable reason is that he returned to China. | ||
| 4.07.2 | be too late | When you have a problem with your health, it’ll be too late to regret it. | ||
| 4.07.3 | VO for a bit (reduplication) | Let's go for a walk in the nearby park after lunch. | ||
| 4.07.3 | V’ed O for a bit (reduplication) | On Sunday, I slept a bit, did some swimming, [and] did some homework. | ||
| 4.07.4 | if | If the quality is good, then it doesn't matter if the price is a little bit expensive. | ||
| 4.07.5 | not only… but also… | Walking can [allow you to] both move the body and lose weight. | ||
| 4.08.1 | make O A/V | How can I make her like me? | ||
| 4.08.2 | as long as… (then)… | As long as you are ready this time, you will be able to play the match well. | ||
| 4.08.3 | No kidding! | A: I didn't expect that we have graduated for ten years. B: Tell me about it! Time flies too fast, I really miss everyone. | ||
| 4.08.4 | therefore | I have known him for many years, so I know his character very well. | ||
| 4.08.5 | usually, often | Girls' choice of clothing color is often related to their personality. | ||
| 4.08.5 | often | When I was in college, I liked sports very much. I often played basketball and football. | ||
| 4.09.1 | could it be that | How did you buy so many cookies and chocolates? Could it be that you’re not dieting any more? | ||
| 4.09.2 | through | Any success must be achieved through hard work. | ||
| 4.09.2 | after having gone through | Having gone through many failures, he finally succeeded. | ||
| 4.09.2 | pass through | You can only go through this street on foot. | ||
| 4.09.2 | pass by | It just so happened that I’m passing by, [so I] came to see you on the way. | ||
| 4.09.2 | to pass (an exam, interview or resolution) | I passed the interview with that company. | ||
| 4.09.2 | the whole story | Xiao Wang told me the whole story of [how] the event [happened]. | ||
| 4.09.3 | but | At that time her parents and relatives did not support her, but she insisted on her choice. | ||
| 4.09.4 | result | Please submit the results of the investigation. | ||
| 4.09.4 | As a result, … | He studied hard last term and, as a result, he passed the examination. | ||
| 4.09.5 | over # | The city's subway has been around for over a hundred years. | ||
| 4.10.1 | nevertheless | I originally wanted to be a lawyer, nevertheless I found myself more interested in news. | ||
| 4.10.1 | only V | We only talked about some work problems (and nothing more), and we didn’t talk about anything else. | ||
| 4.10.2 | indeed | Love is indeed an important reason for marriage, but only love is not enough. | ||
| 4.10.3 | the way S see it | The way a lot of people sees it [is that] listening to pop music is only a hobby of young people. | ||
| 4.10.4 | because … | Owing to our joint efforts, the task was fulfilled ahead of schedule. | ||
| 4.10.4 | due to N | For various reasons, we had to change the original plan. | ||
| 4.10.5 | for example, …… | It is best to make a plan before the trip, for example, how many places to go to, how to take transit, etc. | ||
| 4.11.1 | even V O | You are so awesome/skilled you can even understand Chinese newspapers. | ||
| 4.11.1 | even S V | If even you don’t like yourself, how can you let others like you? | ||
| 4.11.2 | if not, otherwise | He must have something important to see (lit. look for) you about, otherwise he won't call so many times. | ||
| 4.11.3 | regardless of Q | Regardless of what you do, choose the right [lit. pay attention to] your methods. The right way can make us do better. | ||
| 4.11.4 | but | Many people feel that their lives are happy, but everyone's views on happiness are not exactly the same. | ||
| 4.11.5 | at the same time, … | Reading can enrich your knowledge and (at the same time) [it will] enrich your affects. | ||
| 4.11.5 | at the same time when… | While learning Chinese (at the same time), I also learned about Chinese culture. | ||
| 4.12.1 | and V | He is very serious in his work and has a wealth of experience, which makes him very suitable to be responsible [for this]. | ||
| 4.12.2 | no matter how… still… | Things have already happened, no matter how you regret it you (still) won’t be able to change it, don't be sad. | ||
| 4.12.3 | regarding N | My opinion on it (lit. regarding this matter) is different from everyone else’s. | ||
| 4.12.3 | about N | About the survey plan, the manager said that there are many unclear places. | ||
| 4.12.4 | every N | Each small thing should (all) be seen as an opportunity to learn. | ||
| 4.12.5 | on the other hand, … | Using the right method will be able to “do more with less”, but if we do the opposite we will “do less with more”. | ||
| 4.12.5 | to be the opposite of N | The results of the survey are almost completely the opposite of what they thought. | ||
| 4.13.1 | probably/perhaps V/A | I think the principal probably will agree. | ||
| 4.13.1 | approximate N | Please give me an approximate number. | ||
| 4.13.1 | about # | He started performing on stage at the age of eight, and has been singing for about over 60 years. | ||
| 4.13.2 | occasionally | I often learn to sing Beijing opera with [lit. by following] TV programs, and occasionally sing a few lines with Chinese people. | ||
| 4.13.3 | V’ed by S | According to regulations, this matter should be handled by Dr. Wang. | ||
| 4.13.4 | to proceed | The meeting will continue to proceed at half past 10. | ||
| 4.13.4 | to carry out O | carry out an observation | ||
| 4.13.5 | with N (as N happens) | With the development of society, Peking Opera is also changing. | ||
| 4.14.1 | sufficient | The money is not enough. | ||
| 4.14.1 | V (and fulfill) # | It’s not good if [your] sleeping time is too long. Usually it’s enough just to sleep for a good eight hours (lit. sleep to fulfill 8 hours). | ||
| 4.14.1 | (good) enough | No need to load these, the box is already heavy enough! | ||
| 4.14.2 | with N (speed, standard) | Manager, you can rest assured that I will finish at the fastest speed. | ||
| 4.14.2 | consider N1 as N2 | We should use history as a mirror. | ||
| 4.14.2 | in order to | She sent a gift to express her gratitude. | ||
| 4.14.3 | now that | Since you don't want to play, why [bother] playing? | ||
| 4.14.4 | consequently… | When he was a child, he was often ill, consequently he went to run and exercise every day. | ||
| 4.14.4 | therefore… | When he was a child, he was often ill, [and] as a result he went to run and exercise every day. | ||
| 4.14.5 | and stuff like that | Go out to play tomorrow, you have to buy some biscuits, bread or things like that. | ||
| 4.15.1 | V up | If you lie down and read a book, it is not good for your eyes. Sit up quick! | ||
| 4.15.1 | remember, call to mind | Now I recall (lit. think up) everything. | ||
| 4.15.2 | cause O to be A | Be careful when moving, don't break the sofa. | ||
| 4.15.2 | make O CLAUSE | Every day I tell her off for these small things, [which] makes the two of us both in a bad mood. | ||
| 4.15.3 | make sure not to V | I have to give her this gift on her birthday, make sure you don’t tell her now. | ||
| 4.15.3 | must V, must be A | You must practice your moves before the game. | ||
| 4.15.3 | definitely V/A | Thank you for your support and encouragement, I will definitely continue to work hard. | ||
| 4.15.3 | not necessarily | If someone is tall he/she is not necessarily strong. | ||
| 4.15.3 | some, a certain | If you have a certain language foundation, then studying a foreign language abroad is the best choice. | ||
| 4.15.4 | (verb prefix, indicating the verb hasn’t happened) | This sofa is so big, I will help you carry it together. | ||
| 4.15.4 | V through N | Some children will get their parents' attention by crying or throwing things. | ||
| 4.15.5 | around # | The book bought online is estimated to be available in about three days. | ||
| 4.16.1 | really A/V | The weather is really hot today. | ||
| 4.16.1 | Q on earth? | I am going to the embassy to apply for a visa next week, what on earth am I supposed to do? | ||
| 4.16.1 | indeed | Now this (this indeed) is a big question, and I am not too sure about it. | ||
| 4.16.2 | to be afraid | My work experience is still relatively small, I am afraid the job cannot be completed. | ||
| 4.16.2 | I guess I’m afraid… | After listening to my response, I guess I’m afraid you already know the answer. | ||
| 4.16.2 | probably I’m afraid | He left here for probably 20 days (I’m afraid). | ||
| 4.16.3 | to the end | Today I will go shopping with you to the end. [I can] guarantee that you will buy the right clothes. | ||
| 4.16.3 | in the world | What in the world are you planning? | ||
| 4.16.4 | take… for example | Take me, for example, I’ve been learning Chinese for 10 years. | ||
| 4.16.5 | to dare to V | No one dares to say bad things about her. | ||
| 4.17.1 | to pour | I will pour you a glass of water. | ||
| 4.17.1 | to reverse | “I love you” said in reverse is “you love me.” | ||
| 4.17.1 | although S V | Although you say [it as if] it is easy, it’s hard to do it! | ||
| 4.17.2 | dry | Wipe your hair dry. | ||
| 4.17.2 | to do | What are you doing? | ||
| 4.17.3 | # times (of trips) | On the way back, I made a visit to the bank along the way. | ||
| 4.17.3 | No. # (bus/train route) | Bus No. 502 are coming soon. | ||
| 4.17.4 | V2 in order to V1 | Many animals change the color of their body in order to protect themselves. | ||
| 4.17.4 | V for N | Plants compete for sunlight, air, and water. | ||
| 4.17.5 | still V/A | Even at a few kilometers deep on the sea floor, you can still see things. | ||
| 4.18.1 | if, whether | But she is so young, I don't know if she can read this book. | ||
| 4.18.2 | tolerate | I really can't tolerate you, how long do you have to keep shopping? | ||
| 4.18.3 | continue to V | Don't pay back after reading this book, I will continue to watch. | ||
| 4.18.3 | then | After graduating, he worked in his hometown for a year. And then he was admitted to Peking University to study for graduate students. | ||
| 4.18.4 | other than that | He and his brother were born on the same day. The two brothers look very much alike, but other than that they can hardly find other things in common. | ||
| 4.18.5 | call N1 N2 | The Chinese call the Yellow River "Mother River." | ||
| 4.19.1 | no matter Q | It doesn't matter, don't apologize, anyone (lit. no matter who) can make a mistake. | ||
| 4.19.2 | get to V | It seems that I don’t get to eat lamb dumplings today. | ||
| 4.19.3 | V out (an outcome is produced) | There were a few multiple-choice questions. I really couldn’t think of (lit. think out) which [answer] one to choose, [so I could only] choose one at random. | ||
| 4.19.4 | overall | Overall, this company is good. | ||
| 4.19.5 | is all about | People often say that "life is all about moving/exercising.” | ||
| 4.20.1 | V2’ed while V1-ing | As she was speaking, she started to laugh. | ||
| 4.20.2 | as soon as … then … | As soon as she gets home, (then) she watches TV. | ||
| 4.20.2 | 每次只要 | When [my] son was a child, as soon as he speaks, (then) he blushes. | ||
| 4.20.3 | Q exactly | Which season exactly is better to travel? | ||
| 4.20.4 | V up | You pick up the things on the table first, and then you [can] put them down after I clean it. | ||
| 4.20.4 | to start to V | Xiao Wang started singing again. | ||
| 4.20.4 | seems like, sounds like | The Shanghai dialect sounds like a foreign language. | ||
| 4.20.5 | speaking of O | Speaking of food, the one that impressed me the most is Hunan cuisine. | ||
| 5.01.1 | how | The judge called the first couple to talk about how they loved each other. | ||
| 5.01.1 | how is | How is the monthly income situation with those born in the 80s? | ||
| 5.01.1 | (expression of surprise) | What, you don't know me anymore?! | ||
| 5.01.2 | to lean | Teacher Wang likes to give her lecture while leaning on the table. | ||
| 5.01.2 | beside | My seat is No. 17, which is (a seat) by the window. | ||
| 5.01.2 | to depend | At home [you] relies on [your] parents, [when you] go out [you] rely on [your] friends. | ||
| 5.01.3 | (See 竟然) | [For] such a simple question, [you’re telling me that] you don’t know how to do it? | ||
| 5.02.1 | since | Since the reform and opening up, China has undergone tremendous changes. | ||
| 5.02.2 | adjacent to | I want to buy a house that is not adjacent to a street, so it won't be too noisy. | ||
| 5.02.2 | just before | On the day (just before) he left, my father came to us from my hometown. | ||
| 5.02.3 | immediately | When we came back, we immediately felt the warmth of home. | ||
| 5.03.1 | to include | Chinese language skills teaching includes listening, speaking, reading and writing. | ||
| 5.03.2 | each by themselves | The intermission time has arrived, and the players on both sides of the game (each by themselves) went back out of the court to rest. | ||
| 5.03.3 | do not | If you’re not a staff member, please do not enter. | ||
| 5.03.4 | moment | At the last moment, he scored the key goal for the team. | ||
| 5.03.4 | at all times | At work, he reminds himself at all times: The safety of passengers is the most important. | ||
| 5.04.1 | to this day | I was born and raised in Beijing and have never left to this day. | ||
| 5.04.2 | (measure word for hats) | How [what do you think of] this new hat of mine? | ||
| 5.04.2 | the top of | Please raise your hand over (the top of) your head. | ||
| 5.04.2 | to lift | He can use his head to lift 20 pounds. | ||
| 5.04.2 | against | The weather is very cold, and Zilu was trudging ahead against heavy snow. | ||
| 5.04.3 | very/so/extremely | The place is so lively, the children are very/so/extremely happy. | ||
| 5.04.4 | actually (opposite to what one expects) | Although the life in a big city is very exciting, [my] parents who have lived in rural areas for a lifetime will actually (opposite to what one expects) find themselves ill-adapted. | ||
| 5.05.1 | consequently | Preparing mentally before the game can reduce the stress on the athletes [and] consequently achieve the success of the game. | ||
| 5.05.2 | V in N | This company was founded in 1997. | ||
| 5.05.2 | V to N | Li Ming had no choice but to turn to Wang Feng (for help), the old classmate of the manager. | ||
| 5.05.2 | V from N | He came from an intellectual family. | ||
| 5.05.2 | A to N | Exercise is beneficial to health. | ||
| 5.05.2 | A from/than N | Aquatic creatures are different from terrestrial ones. | ||
| 5.05.3 | V into N | Stress can also be turned into strength. | ||
| 5.05.3 | V as N | In his view, life without work cannot be called (as) life. | ||
| 5.05.4 | V up | The groundwater is store (up) and accumulates. | ||
| 5.05.4 | V away | Liu Li knows that she is doing something wrong, and she hides [herself] away and does not dare to see me. | ||
| 5.06.1 | to replace | When you see my grandfather, please say hello to him (on my behalf). | ||
| 5.06.1 | on behalf of | Li Yang is going to study abroad, and we are all happy for him. | ||
| 5.06.2 | uncertain | The manager has already agreed, but the time of departure is still uncertain. | ||
| 5.06.2 | maybe | Don't just give up so easily, maybe you will succeed next time. | ||
| 5.06.3 | like N | I can't believe this is true, it seems like a dream. | ||
| 5.06.3 | so A (to an extreme) | He squeezed into the [crowded] subway with [his] heavy computer bag, and he was so tired when he got home from work. | ||
| 5.06.4 | V in quick succession | It’s going to rain, and people on the road are running home (one after another in quick succession). | ||
| 5.07.1 | blind | One day, he asked the soldiers to find an elephant and some people who were blind when they were born. | ||
| 5.07.1 | thoughtlessly | He will find a way, you don't (thoughtlessly) worry about him. | ||
| 5.07.2 | to separate | The separation is temporary. We will definitely see each other again in the future. | ||
| 5.07.2 | difference | I don't know the difference between the two approaches. | ||
| 5.07.2 | separately | I asked two people (separately) to ask about this, and they all said the same thing. | ||
| 5.07.2 | respectively | Sandstone and conglomerate are the consolidated equivalent of sand and gravel, respectively. | ||
| 5.07.3 | (measure word) | The blind man who touched the tail said that the elephant is like a rope. | ||
| 5.07.3 | root | The root of this tree is thick and long. | ||
| 5.07.4 | then | A new piano was bought upstairs, and then there were more noise (lit. unquiet) [heard] in our home. | ||
| 5.08.1 | contrary to logic | Puzzled, the teenager asked: "How is it that bravery is a fault now (which is contrary to logic)?” | ||
| 5.08.1 | despite all | (Despite all) the quality is (actually) pretty good, it’s just that the price is too expensive. | ||
| 5.08.1 | for crying out loud | Now you tell us, for crying out loud, if you’re not responsible for this, then who is? | ||
| 5.08.2 | V around | The dog chased his tail and ran around on the grass. | ||
| 5.08.3 | otherwise | Fortunately, I ran into you, otherwise I must have been late today. | ||
| 5.08.3 | why not try | It’s too late today, why don’t (you) leave tomorrow instead? | ||
| 5.08.4 | each other | Good friends should help each other. | ||
| 5.08.4 | (pronoun for 2 people) | We (us two) have the same hobbies. | ||
| 5.08.4 | about the same | We (the two of us) are pretty much the same, I can't paint much better than you. | ||
| 5.09.1 | counts as | Let’s just say that the money is loaned to you, you can pay me back when you have [more money]. | ||
| 5.09.1 | might as well V | Isn't it just an empty bottle? Might as well throw it away. | ||
| 5.09.2 | as N | As a great writer and a great intellectual, Lu Xun is very particular about eating. | ||
| 5.09.3 | once | Confucius once took students around the country for 14 years, spreading his thoughts. | ||
| 5.10.1 | after all | Although we have encountered a lot of difficulties, we have completed the task after all. | ||
| 5.10.2 | gradually | With less and less food, the elderly have to gradually limit the amount of food they eat. | ||
| 5.10.3 | maybe | Although she did not support you before, maybe this time things will change. | ||
| 5.11.1 | V and recover | My head cleared up only after a long time, | ||
| 5.11.1 | can finish V / cannot finish V | There are so many stars in the sky, who can count them (out)? | ||
| 5.11.2 | (measure word for institutions) | He is from a university in Beijing. | ||
| 5.11.2 | what S V | What the landscape painting shows is the relationship between man and nature. | ||
| 5.11.2 | has/have V’ed | As [their] age increases, women’s happiness at work has increased. | ||
| 5.11.2 | have nothing to V | If you stick to the truth, you've nothing to fear. | ||
| 5.11.3 | equivalent to N | The reaction speed of the person who calls while driving is equivalent to a drunk. | ||
| 5.11.3 | equivalent to N | The pests that this bird eats a day are equivalent to its own weight. | ||
| 5.11.3 | quite | The dish is very delicious, the service is also thoughtful, I am quite satisfied. | ||
| 5.11.3 | considerable | A considerable number of people will regard their income as a standard of happiness. | ||
| 5.11.4 | to count | I roughly counted it, there are 32 students in the vehicle. | ||
| 5.11.4 | to be reckoned as | If we were to discuss who our class runs the fastest, then it’s no other than Li Yang. | ||
| 5.11.4 | several | The thunderstorms in summer here generally last for several hours or longer. | ||
| 5.12.1 | and | School leaders, teachers, and some student representatives watched the show. | ||
| 5.12.2 | degree | The problem has grown to a very serious degree. | ||
| 5.13.1 | let alone | Even the athletes are not satisfied, let alone the fans watching the game? | ||
| 5.13.2 | What for? Why do you have to…? | Why do you have to deliver it yourself? Calling a courier is not enough? | ||
| 5.13.3 | thanks to | Thanks to his words, people wake up like a dream. | ||
| 5.14.1 | so-called | His so-called "news", in fact, we already know! | ||
| 5.14.2 | whereas N V | After graduating from high school, he went abroad to study, whereas I stayed at home. | ||
| 5.14.2 | if… then… | Beijing in the winter, if it’s windy then it’s cold, and if not then it’s warm. | ||
| 5.14.2 | (measure word for stories) | There is a very important news in today's newspaper. | ||
| 5.14.3 | is V’ed by S | With science, nature can be better used by mankind. | ||
| 5.14.4 | V up | Joining (lit. grab/pull up) our hands, we are good friends. | ||
| 5.15.1 | can V and overcome | Talking to others about military affairs, no one can win arguments (lit. talk) over him. | ||
| 5.15.2 | sooner or later | With the development of network technology, these problems will be solved sooner or later. | ||
| 5.15.3 | repeatedly | Zhao Kuo’s mother repeatedly prevented Zhao Wang from appointing his son as a general. | ||
| 5.16.1 | that is | “旦” is a pictograph, that is, the sun rising from the horizon. | ||
| 5.16.1 | if… then… | If he doesn’t understand something, (then) he’ll just ask. This is his greatest strength, but also the main reason for his success. | ||
| 5.16.2 | individually V, separately V | He often uses individual conversations to understand the situation and solve problems. | ||
| 5.16.2 | only a few N (as an exception) | Except for a few individual [persons], the weight gain of most people starts on Saturday. | ||
| 5.16.3 | to insist on | He insists on divorcing, and we can’t stop it. | ||
| 5.16.3 | not, un- | Please do not be nervous when emergencies (lit. abnormal conditions) occur. | ||
| 5.16.3 | not | Success is sometimes not as difficult as it might seem. | ||
| 5.17.1 | (see 4.14.2 “以”) | - | ||
| 5.17.2 | ordinary | For Xiao Wang, today is an extraordinary day. | ||
| 5.17.2 | usually | He usually comes very early, but he is late today. | ||
| 5.17.3 | would rather | As a mother, she would rather be tired of herself and would not want to wrong her child. | ||
| 5.18.1 | extremely | In China, putting a knife on the table is an extremely rare phenomenon. | ||
| 5.18.2 | the rest | How come you two people? What about the rest of the classmates? | ||
| 5.18.3 | This shows that | This shows that success requires hard work. | ||
| 5.19.1 | like N | Her face showed a sunny (lit. like sunlight) smile. | ||
| 5.19.2 | to smell | He opened the lid of the pot and smelled it. It turned out to be alcohol. | ||
| 5.19.2 | to hear | Seeing is believing. (Lit. hearing about something 100 times is not as good as seeing it once.) | ||
| 5.19.3 | while (an opportunity exists) | The movie hasn’t started, I’ll make use of the opportunity and get two bottles of mineral water. | ||
| 5.20.1 | cannot | His family is very poor and can't afford a lamp, [so he] can’t read at night. | ||
| 5.20.1 | can stand/tolerate | A friend who can stand the test of time is a true friend. | ||
| 5.20.2 | to prop up, to support | His two hands were on the table, propping up his head, and he thought about things. | ||
| 5.20.2 | (measure word for guns, songs, or armies) | Give him ten guns and he can raise an army. | ||
| 5.20.3 | to reply on | When we work, we can’t just rely on experience, we also need to innovate. | ||
| 5.21.1 | by brute force | Although the Chinese medicine is a bit bitter, he still bit the bullet and drank it. | ||
| 5.21.1 | to insist on V-ing | I won’t let him go, he just insists on going. | ||
| 5.21.2 | accidental (opportunity) | It was an accidental encounter. | ||
| 5.21.2 | occasionally | She focused on knitting a sweater, and occasionally glances at the clock on the wall. | ||
| 5.21.3 | as soon as possible | The new product has some problems. You should discuss with Manager Yan as soon as you can. | ||
| 5.22.1 | once (something happens) | Once a woman becomes a mother, she becomes torn (by conflicting [emotions]) | ||
| 5.22.2 | inevitable | At the beginning of work, such mistakes are inevitable. | ||
| 5.22.3 | since TIME | Since I arrived in Beijing, my body has gotten better and better. | ||
| 5.23.1 | in agreement | Their opinions do not agree. | ||
| 5.23.1 | unanimously | Experts agree (lit. unanimously think) that this is a successful product. | ||
| 5.23.2 | certain | If you receiving training in a certain discipline (lit. aspect), you will be able to improve your ability in that discipline. | ||
| 5.23.2 | so-and-so | It is not civil to write “so-and-so visited here” on the wall. | ||
| 5.23.2 | placeholder for a name | Company salesman Li (So-and-so) heard the big joy. | ||
| 5.23.3 | thankfully… | Thankfully you reminded me. I am going to sign up today. | ||
| 5.24.1 | activity, action | We should meet difficulties with courage and act quickly. | ||
| 5.24.1 | move around | When he was doing sports he injured his feet, so it’s hard for him to move around. | ||
| 5.24.1 | act | Some birds like to act alone. | ||
| 5.24.2 | obligation | Everyone has the responsibility of building his/her hometown, and we should also take up this obligation. | ||
| 5.24.2 | compulsory | We must participate in at least three compulsory labor per semester. | ||
| 5.25.1 | toward | I seem to see victory coming towards us. | ||
| 5.25.1 | to face toward | The main entrance of our school is situated in the west and oriented toward the east. | ||
| 5.25.2 |